Michigan Winters: That Dam Ice
Wherever you have snow and roofs you have the potential of ice dams. Michigan, like most other upper Midwestern states, sees its fair share of property damage caused by ice damming on roofs of homes and businesses. Ice dams are so pervasive in areas with harsh winters, that a good number of residents suffer water damage to their homes without even knowing it. The problem is exacerbated where an unfinished attic is used only for storage space, because homeowners fail to catch the early signs of water damage.
Ice dams are formed during frequent warm/cold cycles where snow on the roof melts and runs down to the gutters. Since gutters and eaves are generally colder than the roof itself, any water that gets trapped in gutters freezes when the temperature drops. The first freeze begins the process of building up an ice dam. As water continues to run down the roof and is trapped by the already formed ice, it also freezes. This process continues as ice climbs farther and farther up the roof. Any water behind that ice gets forced underneath the shingles, where it forms small ponds that will damage the underlying structure of the roof.
Roof rakes are one solution to help prevent ice dams. If you live in a ranch or split-level style home, the roof rake is an ideal way to keep snow and ice off the roof. If you live in a 2 1/2 story colonial or Victorian-style house, a roof rake may not be an option for you. Just remember that you should never attempt to use a roof rake while standing on a ladder, and you should never climb up onto the roof during the winter months. If you cannot access your roof safely with a roof rake, your next best option is to ensure proper attic insulation and ventilation.
Experts recommend attic insulation with an R-value of 38 for states like Michigan. You need to insulate not only the roof of your attic, but also the floors. Doing so prevents excess heat from rising into the attic from the rooms below. Proper ventilation will prevent the attic from getting too warm and contributing to the freeze/thaw cycle. Peak ventilation is optimal because it provides the best airflow and a more constant room temperature along the entire length of the attic.
If you see an excess number icicles forming on your gutters or eaves you may be facing an ice dam and subsequent damage. Do what you can to safely remove snow and ice from your roof. And next year, make sure your gutters and downspouts are clean long before the snow flies.
